Real-world adverse events are rarely monocausal. They emerge from the interaction of drug exposure, comorbid conditions, physiological states, concomitant medications, and patient-specific ...

These open-source MMM tools solve different measurement problems, from budget optimization to forecasting and preprocessing.

Physicists uncover a universal limit on timekeeping precision, proving that anything from heartbeats to ocean waves can be a ...

The product development lifecycle is long and challenging. Whether it is translational research or clinical research, there are numerous obstacles in the design and management of a study and ...

Discover how Markov chains predict real systems, from Ulam and von Neumann’s Monte Carlo to PageRank, so you can grasp ...

Computer science is the study and development of the protocols required for automated processing and manipulation of data. This includes, for example, creating algorithms for efficiently searching ...

Vikki Velasquez is a researcher and writer who has managed, coordinated, and directed various community and nonprofit organizations. She has conducted in-depth research on social and economic issues ...

Decision-making inherently involves cause–effect relationships that introduce causal challenges. We argue that reliable algorithms for decision-making need to build upon causal reasoning. Addressing ...

The number of Venezuelans in the U.S. has more than doubled in five years, to about 1.2 million. That makes Venezuelans the fastest-growing Hispanic group in percentage terms, far ahead of Ecuadorians ...

A systematic review and Delphi study creates a new consensus statement on the meaning and measurement of relapse in ...